Determining emergency caesarean risk factors in placenta previa cases: a prospective cohort study

ABSTRACT
Objective. The aim of the current study was to determine the emergency caesarean section risk factors for patient with placenta previa.
Materials and Methods. A total of 98 placenta previa cases were enrolled the current prospective cohort study between November 2018-June 2019. The time, number and frequency of vaginal bleeding episodes, emergency caesarean section requirement, presence of adhesive pathologies was recorded.
Results. The mean cervical length was 35.7 (± 8.3) mm. Patients with presence of vaginal bleeding before the 28th week (OR 11 (95%CI 1.85-65.07); p < 0.001); participants who had two or more bleeding occurrences (OR 7.39 (95%CI 1.83-29.80); p = 0.001); patients with cervical length measurements < 30 mm (OR 2.91 (95% CI 0.64-13.14); p = 0.039) had higher risk of emergency caesarean section. Emergency caesarean section rate was 12%. No relation was shown between the emergency caesarean section and invasion pathologies in cases with placenta previa (p = 0.241).
Conclusions. The risk of emergency caesarean section is high in patients who had a vaginal bleeding before the 28th gestational week, had two or more bleeding episodes throughout their pregnancy and patients with cervical length was less than 30 mm.