Bladder invasion of placenta percreta: review of literature and our experience

ABSTRACT
Placenta percreta is the most severe form of placenta accreta spectrum with a reported prevalence up to 1 in 1,000 pregnancies and a much lower rate of concomitant bladder invasion, occurring in approximately 1 in 10,000 births.
Here we report a case of a 40-year-old woman who presented at 30 weeks of gestation with metrorrhagia and haematuria because of placenta percreta invading the urinary bladder. At 34 weeks she underwent a caesarean section through a fundal uterine incision, a consequently hysterectomy and partial cystectomy with prophylactic balloons in the hypogastric arteries. In order to unravel the disease complexity and to ease the management of this controversial topic, we performed a narrative review of the relevant evidence brought by literature in the last 10 years.